Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is a key part of today’s digital world. This unit helps students understand computer-based systems, information flow, data transmission, storage devices, applications, and ICT risks. With this PDF, students will get complete notes, MCQs, short & long questions, and everything needed to study, revise, and prepare effectively for exams.
Students will also learn how electrical signals, radio waves, and optical fibres are used to transmit information efficiently. The unit explains the role of computers in word processing, internet usage, and other practical applications. It highlights modern technologies that make communication fast and reliable. Students will understand the benefits and risks of ICT to society and the environment. Finally, this PDF serves as a one-stop resource for mastering all concepts of Unit 17 with ease.
Important MCQs – Unit 17 (ICT)
1. In computer terminology, information means:
(a) any data
(b) raw data
(c) processed data ✅
(d) large data
2. Which is the most suitable means of reliable continuous communication between an orbiting satellite and Earth?
(a) microwaves
(b) radiowaves ✅
(c) soundwaves
(d) any light wave
3. The scientific method used to store and communicate data is called:
(a) hardware
(b) information technology ✅
(c) communication system
(d) electronic mail
4. The success or failure of a CBIS mainly depends on:
(a) software
(b) hardware
(c) people ✅
(d) procedures
5. Unauthorized access to someone’s computer is called:
(a) programming
(b) e-mailing
(c) hacking ✅
(d) networking
Short Questions – Unit 17
1. What is meant by information technology?
Answer:
Information technology is the scientific method used to store, arrange, process, and communicate information using computers and other electronic devices.
2. What are the components of a Computer-Based Information System (CBIS)?
Answer:
The components of a Computer-Based Information System (CBIS) are: hardware, software, data, procedures, and people.
3. What is the role of software in a computer system?
Answer:
Software provides instructions to the hardware and controls how the computer performs tasks such as writing, calculations, data processing, and managing devices.
4. What is secondary storage?
Answer:
Secondary storage is used to store data permanently for future use. Examples include hard disks, CDs, DVDs, and other external storage devices.
5. Write two advantages of using e-mail.
Answer:
• Instant and fast communication
• Free of cost (if internet is available)
6. What is hacking in ICT?
Answer:
Hacking in ICT refers to the unauthorized access to computer systems or networks without the owner’s permission. Hackers may enter systems to steal sensitive information, damage files, disrupt services, or manipulate data. It is considered illegal and poses serious risks to individuals, organizations, and even governments. Understanding hacking helps students recognize the importance of cybersecurity and safe computer practices.
Long Questions – Unit 17
Q1: What is Information and Communication Technology (ICT)? Explain its definition and importance.
Definition of ICT:
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is the scientific and systematic method of storing, processing, and transmitting information quickly using electronic devices and computer systems. It allows individuals and organizations to handle large volumes of data efficiently and share it almost instantly across the world.
Components of ICT:
ICT combines two main fields:
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Information Technology (IT):
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This involves the use of computers and software to store, organize, process, and manage information.
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IT enables tasks such as data entry, calculations, reporting, and digital record-keeping.
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Telecommunication:
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Telecommunication refers to sending and receiving information over long distances instantly.
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It includes technologies like telephones, mobile networks, radio, television, satellites, and the internet.
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Importance of ICT:
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Fast communication: ICT allows people to connect instantly across the globe, making communication faster than ever.
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Efficient data management: Large amounts of information can be stored, processed, and retrieved easily.
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Wide applications: ICT is widely used in education, healthcare, business, governance, and research, improving productivity and decision-making.
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Supports innovation: Modern industries and technologies rely heavily on ICT for automation, analysis, and global networking.
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Digital world integration: ICT plays a key role in the modern digital society, making knowledge, resources, and services more accessible to everyone.
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