This unit explains how plants and animals control and coordinate their activities. In plants, students will learn about hormones, different types of movements, responses to environmental stresses, defense against pathogens, biological clocks, and growth regulatory substances.
In animals and humans, the focus is on nervous coordination, including neurons, nerve impulses, and effectors. It also covers the structure and working of the nervous system such as the Central Nervous System (CNS), Peripheral Nervous System (PNS), and Autonomic Nervous System, along with learning behavior.
Overall, this unit helps students understand how living organisms respond to their environment and maintain proper functioning.
📥 Download Class 12 Biology Unit 17 – Coordination and Control Notes PDF
Skip to PDF contentGet complete and exam-focused notes of Class 12 Biology Unit 17 – Coordination and Control in one PDF file. These notes are specially prepared for Punjab Board students to help in better exam preparation.
These notes include:
✔ Important concepts and explanations
✔ Exam-focused short questions
✔ Solved MCQs
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👉 Download PDF: Class 12 Biology Unit 17 – Coordination and Control Notes
❓ FAQs – Unit 17 Coordination and Control
1. What is coordination and control?
Coordination and control is the process by which organisms regulate their body activities and respond to internal and external stimuli.
2. What is the role of plant hormones?
Plant hormones control growth, development, and responses to environmental changes in plants.
3. What is a neuron and its function?
A neuron is a nerve cell that transmits messages in the form of nerve impulses throughout the body.
4. What is the difference between CNS and PNS?
CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord, while PNS includes all the nerves that connect the body to the CNS.
5. What is a nerve impulse?
A nerve impulse is an electrical signal that travels through neurons to carry information.
📝 MCQs – Coordination and Control
1. Coordination in plants is mainly controlled by:
a) Enzymes
b) Hormones
c) Vitamins
d) Minerals
Answer: b) Hormones
2. Which plant hormone is responsible for cell elongation?
a) Cytokinin
b) Gibberellin
c) Auxin
d) Ethylene
Answer: c) Auxin
3. Movement of plant towards light is called:
a) Geotropism
b) Hydrotropism
c) Phototropism
d) Thigmotropism
Answer: c) Phototropism
4. The basic unit of nervous system is:
a) Tissue
b) Organ
c) Neuron
d) Cell membrane
Answer: c) Neuron
5. Nerve impulse is:
a) Chemical signal only
b) Electrical signal
c) Hormonal signal
d) Mechanical signal
Answer: b) Electrical signal
6. The Central Nervous System consists of:
a) Nerves only
b) Brain and spinal cord
c) Muscles and glands
d) Receptors only
Answer: b) Brain and spinal cord
7. Which system controls involuntary actions?
a) Somatic nervous system
b) Autonomic nervous system
c) Peripheral nervous system
d) Skeletal system
Answer: b) Autonomic nervous system