Chapter 13 of Class 10 Biology explains how the human body is supported and enabled to move. This chapter covers the human skeleton, its structure, functions, and types of bones, as well as the different types of joints that allow flexibility and movement. It also explores muscles and their role in movement, showing how bones and muscles work together to help us perform daily activities.
This PDF includes MCQs, short questions, and long questions from the chapter, making it a complete guide for exam preparation. With this resource, students can understand concepts clearly, revise quickly, and practice important questions effectively.
Important MCQs – Chapter 13 Support and Movement
1. What is the human skeleton also known as?
(a) Exoskeleton
(b) Endoskeleton ✅
(c) Hydrostatic skeleton
(d) Cartilage system
2. How many bones are present in the axial skeleton of a human?
(a) 126
(b) 206
(c) 80 ✅
(d) 54
3. Which hormone is responsible for mineral deposition in bones?
(a) Estrogen ✅
(b) Progesterone
(c) Insulin
(d) Adrenaline
4. Which of the following muscles causes extension at the elbow joint?
(a) Biceps
(b) Triceps ✅
(c) Deltoid
(d) Hamstring
Short Questions – Chapter 13
1. Differentiate between cartilage and bone.
Answer:
- Cartilage is a flexible connective tissue without blood vessels.
- Bone is a hard connective tissue with blood vessels and mineral deposits (calcium, phosphate).
- Cartilage contains chondrocytes, while bone contains osteocytes.
2. Define the Skeletal System.
Answer:
The skeletal system is the framework of hard, articulated structures that provides support, protection, and movement to the body. It gives shape to the body, protects vital organs, and works with muscles to enable movement.
3. Name three types of cartilage.
Answer:
-
Hyaline cartilage
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Elastic cartilage
-
Fibrous cartilage
4. What is osteoporosis?
Answer:
Osteoporosis is a bone disease in which the density and quality of bones decrease, causing them to become weak, brittle, and more likely to fracture. It usually occurs due to aging, lack of calcium, hormonal changes, or poor nutrition, and increases the risk of bone fractures even with minor injuries.
Long Questions – Chapter 13
Q.1: Define the Skeletal System. Explain the major functions of the human skeletal system.
Definition:
The skeletal system is the framework of hard, articulated structures (bones and cartilages) that provides support, protection, and movement to the human body. It also serves as an attachment site for muscles.
❖ Endoskeleton in Humans:
The human skeleton is located inside the body; therefore, it is called an endoskeleton. Unlike the external skeleton of insects, the human endoskeleton supports internal organs and works together with muscles to produce movement.
❖ Major Functions of the Human Skeletal System:
1. Support:
-
The skeleton provides a strong and rigid framework that gives shape to the body.
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It supports body weight and maintains posture.
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The vertebral column plays an important role in holding the body upright.
2. Protection:
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The skull protects the brain.
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The vertebral column protects the spinal cord.
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The rib cage protects the heart, lungs, and other important organs in the chest.
3. Movement:
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The skeleton works with muscles to produce movement.
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Bones act as levers and joints allow flexibility.
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Tendons connect muscles to bones. When muscles contract, bones move, resulting in body movement.
4. Attachment for Muscles:
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Bones provide attachment sites for skeletal muscles through tendons.
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This attachment is essential for proper movement and coordination.
5. Coordination with Muscular System:
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The skeletal and muscular systems work together to allow movement.
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Muscles pull on bones at joints to create motion.
Examples:
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Skull → Protects the brain
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Ribs → Protect chest organs
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Vertebral column → Supports posture and protects the spinal cord
Summary:
The skeletal system is essential for maintaining body structure, protecting internal organs, and enabling movement in coordination with muscles. Without the skeletal system, the human body would not have shape, support, or the ability to move properly.
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